Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home?

littlestudent
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Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 8, 2017 19:49:49 GMT via mobile

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Post by littlestudent on Nov 8, 2017 19:49:49 GMT

Bismillahir rahmanir raheem,

According to many of our Hanafi scholars, the Sunnah mu'kkadah after Zuhr, Maghrib, Isha, and Jumu'ah prayers should be fulfilled immediately after the prayer with nothing more than a brief pause and very few adhkaar. Some say that delaying the prayer more than that reduces the reward of the Sunnah, while I have heard others say that if the pause is too long, the Salah ceases to be the Mu'akkadah and just becomes nafl. On the other hand, some scholars say that there is no harm in performing the adhkaar before the Sunnah. But the former view seems to be the prevalent view today.

However, I've also seen a passage from Ibn Abidin which was quoted by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani that it is better to delay one's sunnah to pray it at home, provided that the interval is not unnecessarily long and that one does not miss the Sunnah. This seems to contradict the sense of "immediacy" that is often conveyed, for one may live further from the masjid and could perform adhkaar on the way home, etc.

Do we find any narrations from the Sahabah or Salaf that convey this sense of immediacy? And how do we reconcile this view with the view that it is better to pray the Sunan at home?

Barakallahu feekum.

Zameel
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Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 9, 2017 9:03:34 GMT

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Post by Zameel on Nov 9, 2017 9:03:34 GMT

Imam al-Tahawi reports in his Sharh Ma‘ani al-Athar that, according to Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Abu Yusuf and Imam Muhammad, it is fine to pray the sunnah mu’akkadah salahs in the masjid but it is better to pray them at home. (Sharh Ma‘ani al-Athar, 1:339) [1] Later Fuqaha have clarified, however, that this is only when one does not expect that if he were to return home he would become distracted and forget to pray the sunnah mu’akkadah salah altogether. In that case, he should perform them in the masjid. (al-Muhit al-Burhani, Idarat al-Qur’an, 7:503) [2]

In al-Asl, Imam Muhammad - in reporting the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Abu Yusuf and his own view - states that the imam of a congregational salah should not remain in his place after Zuhr, Maghrib and Isha, but should get up immediately. Moreover, he mentions that the imam may pray the sunnah mu’akkadah salah in the masjid if he chooses to do so but should move behind the congregation or somewhere besides where he led them in salah. The muqtadis may also pray in the masjid but it is better to move one or two steps before doing so. (al-Asl, 1:16-17) [3] The only reason for making this distinction between salahs that have sunnah mu’akkadah prayers after them and those that don’t would be because it is better to offer the sunnahs immediately after the fard without any significant delay.

Al-Zahidi reports in al-Qunyah that Zahir al-Din al-Marghinani felt that to delay the sunnah mu’akkadah till the ending time of the salah will cause it to cease being sunnah. However, ‘Ayn al-A’immah al-Karabisi said it will remain sunnah. (al-Qunyah, p. 40) [4] The latter view appears to be stronger, since al-Sadr al-Shahid (as well as al-Karabisi) said that to engage in conversation or anything else that goes against the nature of salah (like buying and selling) after the fard will not cause the sunnah prayer to cease being sunnah, but will only result in less reward, and he states that this is “the more correct” (asahh) view. (ibid.) [5] Ibn al-Humam and Ibn Amir Hajj also favour this view. (Halbat al-Mujalli, 2:226) They clarify that it is only recommended (awla/mustahabb) to not leave a gap between the fard and sunnah (Halbat al-Mujalli, 2:225-6), and hence to cause a delay is khilaf al-awla - which to do so is not blameworthy but only results in less reward.

But, as Ibn al-Humam and Ibn Amir Hajj also clarify, this only applies to the situation that the sunnah salahs are offered in the masjid. If a person is praying them at home, the time taken to reach the house will not cause any decrease in reward and will not be khilaf al-awla - as it is in fact better to pray them at home. (ibid. 2:226; Radd al-Muhtar, Dar ‘Alam al-Kutub, 2:247) [6]

[1]

وخالفهم في ذلك آخرون فقالوا: التطوع فى المساجد حسن غير أن التطوع فى المنازل أفضل منه....لقول رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: خير صلاة المرء في بيته إلا المكتوبة؛ وهذا قول أبي حنيفة وأبي يوسف ومحمد بن الحسن رحمهم الله (شرح معاني الآثار، ج١ ص٣٣٩)

[2]

وفى الجامع الأصغر: إذا صلى المغرب فى المسجد بالجماعة يصلي ركعتي المغرب فى المسجد إن يخاف أنه لو رجع إلى بيته يشتغل، وإن لا يخاف فالأفضل أن يصلي في بيته لقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: صلاة الرجل فى المنزل إلا المكتوبة (المحيط البرهاني، ج٧ ص٥٠٣)

[3]

قلت: أرأيت الإمام إذا فرغ من صلاته أيقعد في مكانه الذي يصلي فيه أو يقوم؟ قال: إذا كانت صلاة الظهر أو المغرب أو العشاء فإنني أكره له أن يقعد في مقعده حين يسلم وأحب إلي أن يقوم...فإن أراد فى الظهر والمغرب والعشاء أن يصلي تطوعا...يتأخر فيصلي خلف القوم أو حيث أحب من المسجد ما خلا مكانه الذي يصلي بهم فيه. قلت: فالذين خلفه أيصلون في أمكنتهم التي صلوا فيها أي يتنحون؟ قال: إن فعلوا فلا بأس، ويتنحون خطوة أو خطوتين أحب إلي. (الأصل، ج١ ص١٦-١٧)

[4]

ظم أخر السنة بعد الفرض ثم أداها في آخر الوقت لا يكون سنة عك يكون سنة (القنية ص٤٠)

[5]

عك الكلام بعد الفرض لا يسقط السنة لكن ينقص ثوابه؛ صح وكل عمل ينافي التحريمة أيضا، قال رض وهو الأصح (القنية، ص٤٠)

[6]

ثم قال: وأفاد شيخنا أن الكلام فيما إذا صلى السنة في محل الفرض لاتفاق كلمة المشايخ على أن الأفضل فى السنن حتى سنة المغرب المنزل؛ أي فلا يكره الفصل بمسافة الطريق (رد المحتار، ج٢ ص٢٤٧

Last Edit: Nov 9, 2017 9:33:40 GMT by Zameel

mahmudiismail New Member Posts: 5	Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 9, 2017 18:23:03 GMT Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by mahmudiismail on Nov 9, 2017 18:23:03 GMT so what is the ruling of reading azakaar after Fardh? must there be a link between sunnats and fardh? what do the jurists state? and what about long duas after fardh

Zameel Mufti Mufti Posts: 180	Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 10, 2017 5:42:35 GMT Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by Zameel on Nov 10, 2017 5:42:35 GMT For Zuhr, Maghrib and Isha, it is better to delay the awrad/adhkar till after the sunnah mu'akkadah. Doing it before the sunnah mu'akkadah is khilaf al-awla - less rewarding but not blameworthy.

mahmudiismail
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Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 12, 2017 16:13:47 GMT

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Post by mahmudiismail on Nov 12, 2017 16:13:47 GMT

Nov 10, 2017 5:42:35 GMT Zameel said:

For Zuhr, Maghrib and Isha, it is better to delay the awrad/adhkar till after the sunnah mu'akkadah.

Doing it before the sunnah mu'akkadah is khilaf al-awla - less rewarding but not blameworthy.

assalaamoalaikum

can u please provide detailed references?

Zameel
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Posts: 180

Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home? Nov 23, 2017 14:39:39 GMT

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Post by Zameel on Nov 23, 2017 14:39:39 GMT

Ibn Abi Shaybah narrates with an authentic chain to the Basran Tabi'i, Abu Mijlaz (ca. 40 - 100 H), that he said: "Every Salah after which there is Sunnah, then turn away - besides Fajr and 'Asr." (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, no. 3105) The only reason for making a distinction between Salahs "after which there is Sunnah" and Salahs after which there is no Sunnah would be because it is recommended to pray the Sunnahs immediately after the Fard without any significant delay.

Ibn Abi Shaybah and 'Abd al-Razzaq narrate with their chains to 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (radiyallahu 'anhu) that after completing the Salah he would shift right away, either turning or getting up. (ibid. no. 3097, Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq, no. 3221) The Prophet's (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) practice of not sitting for long after the Fard can be interpreted as both turning to the side and getting up. It may be that in some Salahs he would get up and in other Salahs he would remain seated and turn to the left or right. The Hanafi understanding is that in Salahs after which there is Sunnah, the Prophet (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) would get up very quickly after the Fard; but in Salahs after which there is no Sunnah (i.e. Fajr and Asr), he would either remain seated and turn towards the congregation or leave.

Ibn Abi Shaybah narrates from Abu Razin that he prayed behind Ali (radiyallahu 'anhu) and he got up straight after leading them in Salah. (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah,. no. 3099). He narrates from Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah (radiyallahu 'anhu) that when he would make salam, it was as if he was sat on heated stones until he got up; meaning that after the salam, he sat only for a very short while before getting up. (no. 3101) 'Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani reports something similar about Abu Bakr (radiyallahu 'anhu) (Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq, no. 3214, 3215, 3231)

It is reported from the Sahabah, Ibn Abbas, Ibn al-Zubayr, Abu Sa'id and Ibn 'Umar (radiyallahu 'anhum), that they said one should not pray the Sunnah until he moves away from the place he prayed his Fard. (Musannaf ibn Abi Shaybah, no. 6067) It is also reported from the eminent Tabi'i, 'Amir al-Sha'bi, that one should not perform the Sunnah until he moves one or two steps away from the place where he prayed the Fard. (ibid. no. 6068) (One will notice that this is identical to what Imam Muhammad mentioned in the passage of al-Asl quoted from him earlier).

The hadith of Abu Rimthah in Sunan Abi Dawud (which contains some weakness) discouraging prayer immediately after the Fard Salah is understood to be referring to praying the Sunnah in the same spot straight after the Fard - which is not encouraged according to the Hanafis. It is better to move away from the place where the Fard was performed. (Ghunyat al-Mutamalli, p. 342) Simply moving away a couple of steps would be sufficient to create the short gap recommended in the hadiths of Abu Rimthah and Mu'awiya (radiyallahu 'anhuma).

The authentic transmission from Shams al-A'immah al-Halwani is as follows: "There is no harm in reciting the awrad between the Fard and Sunnah." This is not in disagreement with what was mentioned earlier. While there is no harm in doing this, it is better (awla/mustahabb) to delay the adhkar and awrad until after the Sunnah.

Last Edit: Nov 23, 2017 14:42:00 GMT by Zameel

Sunnah Mu'akkadah immediately after Fardh or at home?

Post by littlestudent on Nov 8, 2017 19:49:49 GMT

Post by Zameel on Nov 9, 2017 9:03:34 GMT

Post by mahmudiismail on Nov 9, 2017 18:23:03 GMT

Post by Zameel on Nov 10, 2017 5:42:35 GMT

Post by mahmudiismail on Nov 12, 2017 16:13:47 GMT

Post by Zameel on Nov 23, 2017 14:39:39 GMT

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